51吃瓜网

51吃瓜网鈥檚 readers are a diverse group. Many are classroom teachers, administrators, specialists, families, and others who are interested in the practice of caring for and educating young children. Others are university faculty members, trainers, and college students interested in the research and pedagogy of early childhood education.

Readers look to 51吃瓜网 for professional publications that reflect the best current knowledge in the early childhood field and support the principles and practices that 51吃瓜网 advocates鈥攄evelopmentally appropriate practice, in particular, as well as the Standards that 51吃瓜网 has set in the accrediting of child care programs.

We consider book-length manuscripts, as well as shorter material that would be more appropriate as an article, a booklet, or even a brochure.

We are interested in projects that draw from early childhood theory and research, as well as from hands-on experience, to offer essential principles, fresh perspectives, and practical suggestions for improving practice in classrooms and child care settings. Publications that establish a substantial research and theoretical base for improved practice often become valued resources in professional libraries.

Early childhood topics of interest to 51吃瓜网鈥檚 readers include (but are not limited to):

• Accreditation
• The Arts
• Assessment
• Careers
• Curriculum/Teaching
• Developmentally Appropriate Practice
• Diversity/Equity
• Family Child Care
• Guidance/Self-Control
• Health/Safety/Physical Development
• Inclusion
• Infant/Toddler
• Preschool
• Kindergarten/Primary
• Language/Literacy
• Math/Science/Technology
• Play
• Professional Development/Leadership/Advocacy
• Relationships with Families
• Social/Emotional Development
• Violence/Stress
• Indoor and Outdoor Environments

For our books, booklets, brochures, our practitioner-oriented journal,听Young Children, and our magazine for preschool teachers,听Teaching Young Children, we look for a writing style that is clear, direct, and economical; language/vocabulary that is accessible to readers at a variety of levels; and enlivening elements such as real-life vignettes, case studies, examples, boxes, lists, artwork/photography, and samples of children鈥檚 work.

Publishing with 51吃瓜网 is a great opportunity to share your ideas across the country and around the world with people who, like you, want to help young children to learn and grow. 51吃瓜网鈥檚 published authors receive wide professional recognition for having made a significant contribution to the study and practice of early childhood education. Some of the things that our authors say they especially appreciate are the chance to interact with national experts in the early childhood field and the quality and thoroughness of our feedback and editing.

An 51吃瓜网 author receives complimentary copies of the book, booklet, or journal; and book authors may purchase additional copies at a special discount. To fulfill our mission of making high-quality professional resources available inexpensively, 51吃瓜网 must keep its costs low, so we do not pay author royalties or writing fees.

Are there certain kinds of projects 51吃瓜网 is听not听interested in?

51吃瓜网 does not publish:

• Books for children
• Activity books
• Term papers, theses, dissertations
• Literature reviews, or reports of research methodology/findings

A good first step is to familiarize yourself with the kinds of material 51吃瓜网 has already published by browsing our catalog or web site, visiting your local college library or bookstore, or purchasing copies of our existing titles and back issues of our journals. Then read the pertinent 51吃瓜网 author guidelines for the specific publication you are interested in.

The great majority of the typical book manuscript is original material created by the author(s) for that particular project. Some authors want to incorporate 鈥減re-existing鈥� material鈥攖hat is,听text,听tables/charts,听figures/diagrams,听photographs, or听artwork听that has already appeared elsewhere. Sometimes the material has already been听published听(e.g., in a book, on a Web site, etc.) and sometimes it has already been disseminated in an听unpublished听medium (e.g., in a conference session handout, as a PowerPoint presentation in a workshop, etc.).

If you propose including pre-existing material in your manuscript, its use must be legal, ethical, and conform to 51吃瓜网鈥檚 permissions policies as described below.

• This guidance primarily addresses including pre-existing听written听material (i.e., narrative text, text tables, text figures, poetry, song lyrics, etc.) and pre-existing听artwork.
• For more about听photography听permissions, see our听Photograph Submission Guidelines.

Your Permissions Obligations as Author

As do most publishers, 51吃瓜网鈥檚听Author Agreement听asks you to assure us (鈥渨arrant鈥�) that your entire manuscript is legal and ethical for 51吃瓜网 to publish.听(1)听In signing the Agreement you are asserting that the content of your manuscript is your own creation and you are its owner except for material owned by others that you possess the legal and ethical right to include.

When Permissions Are Necessary

The permissions issue always arises when you want to include another person鈥檚 material听verbatim听(i.e., exactly the same as the original) or in a form so similar to the original that readers won鈥檛 likely notice that it鈥檚 different (e.g., verbatim except for a few words or phrases).

Permission is also an issue if you want to include听a lot听of another person鈥檚 material鈥攁nd the definition of 鈥渁 lot鈥� varies. For example, permission is always required if you want to include any portion of a poem regardless of length, or a part of someone鈥檚 artwork; it might be required if you want to include a couple of paragraphs from a journal article.

Moreover, while it definitely is always appropriate to听credit听the other person as the source of the included material in whatever form, credit is听not听necessarily sufficient to make the inclusion ethical or legal.

More on all this below in 鈥淯nderstanding Creation, Ownership, and Permissions.鈥�

When Permissions Are Not Necessary

Permission is听not听required when you merely describe or discuss听in your own words听someone else鈥檚 ideas, concepts, or findings. For example, you might want to cite the person鈥檚 work in your text, but you do not need听permission听from Howard Gardner to write about 鈥渕ultiple intelligences鈥� or from Vivian Gussin Paley to describe how to use 鈥渟tory acting鈥� in the classroom.

However, you do want to be careful not to seem to appropriate another person鈥檚 unique and original ideas as being your own. Portraying someone else鈥檚 material as your own is not a permissions issue per se. It is听plagiarism,听which ethically and legally is much more serious. The safest route to avoiding plagiarism is to acknowledge the origin of the ideas, either by attribution informally in your text (e.g., 鈥淎s conceptualized by Howard Gardner ...鈥�) or formally with an in-text citation (e.g., 鈥渟ee Paley 1993鈥�) and an entry in your references list.

Understanding Creation, Ownership, and Permissions

You as an author can legally and ethically include pre-existing material in your 51吃瓜网 manuscript under three conditions: (1) You are the copyright owner of the material. (2) Your inclusion of the material is covered under the Fair Use doctrine. (3) The copyright owner of the material has granted explicit permission to include it in your book. Each of these is discussed below.

Allowed by Copyright Ownership
If you are the legal owner of the pre-existing material, you can include it in your 51吃瓜网 manuscript without worrying about permissions. From the moment a writer or artist fixes text or an image in a unique, permanent form (by writing it down, drawing it, photographing it, etc.), that person becomes the听creator听of that material, be it text, tables, figures/diagrams, artwork, photographs, etc. The creator typically also becomes the听owner听of the material at this moment of 鈥渇ixing.鈥� But the creator of the material is not always also the copyright owner of the material.鈥� Even if you are the creator you are听not听the owner (a) if you signed over your rights to your material to another party, such as a publisher, or (b) if creating the material was a part of performing your job as an employee. If either (a) or (b) is true, your publisher or employer, respectively, is the legal owner of the material that you created. In either case, even if you were the creator, you will need to obtain permission from the copyright owner (your publisher or employer) to include that material in your 51吃瓜网 manuscript. The exception to this rule is if inclusion of the material is covered by the Fair Use doctrine.

Allowed by Fair Use
Even if you are not the copyright owner of the pre-existing material, you still can legally include it in your manuscript without worrying about permissions听if听inclusion meets the requirements of the 鈥淔air Use鈥� doctrine. The Fair Use doctrine of U.S. copyright law permits you to include鈥攚ith proper attribution to the source, of course鈥攍imited portions of material owned by someone else听without听first having to obtain the copyright owner鈥檚 permission, under certain conditions. The law听(2,3)听sets out four factors to be considered in determining whether or not a particular inclusion is Fair Use: a. "Purpose and character of the use" - Inclusion of the pre-existing material for the purpose of commentary, criticism, teaching, scholarship, or research is more likely to be considered Fair Use. b. 鈥淣ature of the copyrighted work鈥� - Was the original material a poem or song lyrics 鈥� PowerPoint slides 鈥� drawing or photograph 鈥� research report 鈥� scholarly article 鈥� email message? It is easier for factual, informational, published works to be considered for Fair Use than creative, fictional, or unpublished ones. c. 鈥淎mount and substantiality of the portion used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole鈥� - Using an amount that is relatively small and that is less central to the work as a whole is more likely to qualify as Fair Use. Using an amount that is relatively large or that is the听heart听of the work is less likely to qualify as Fair Use. This factor relates closely to the nature of the work (above). d. 鈥淓ffect of the use on the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work鈥� - A use that will make the original less valuable in the marketplace is less likely to be considered Fair Use. From this you can see that the answer to whether including pre-existing material in your manuscript is allowed under the Fair Use doctrine is, it depends. Ultimately, serious disagreements over Fair Use can be resolved only in the courts. To avoid that unpleasant prospect, publishers, colleges and universities, and other information distributors typically develop their own in-house policies. And 51吃瓜网 is among them, as described below in the section 鈥�51吃瓜网鈥檚 Permissions Policy.鈥�
鈥�
Allowed by Permission of the Owner
If you are听not听the copyright owner of the pre-existing material, and if inclusion is听not听covered under the Fair Use doctrine, then you must get explicit permission from the copyright owner of the pre-existing material before 51吃瓜网 will publish that material in your manuscript. How to obtain that explicit permission is described in the last section.

51吃瓜网鈥檚 Permissions Policy

51吃瓜网 has its own policy about where Fair Use ends and the need to obtain explicit permission from a copyright owner begins.听

51吃瓜网听always听requires written permission before we will include any of the following pre-existing material owned by someone else:

• Text excerpt of more than 150 words
• Any table, figure, or chart
• Any photograph 鈥擬odel releases are required
• Any work by children 鈥擶ritten permission from the child鈥檚 parent or guardian is required
• Any poetry or song lyrics听not听in the public domain鈥攅.g., permission is required to reprint the lyrics of a song written by Raffi, but not for 鈥淭winkle, Twinkle, Little Star鈥�

The permission process detailed below is fairly straightforward. First, a request detailing your intended use of the pre-existing material as a part of your manuscript is sent to the copyright owner. A response can take a few weeks to several months, depending on the owner. The owner will either deny or grant permission, sometimes with stipulations and/or a permissions fee. Once the terms have been met, the written permission document becomes part of the manuscript鈥檚 permanent, legal documentation.

How to Obtain Permissions

1. Determine what pre-existing material in your manuscript requires permission. Do this as you write, or after the manuscript is complete. During editing, we will be thinking about this, too. Scan a copy of each original source material.听
2. Identify who owns the copyright for the material. For听published听material, a good place to begin looking for the identity of the owner is on a credits or copyright page in the original book or other publication that was your source for the material.
3. Identify any material that you think might need a permission, including material that you think you might need permission to include.
4. Share this information with your 51吃瓜网 editor and work with her or him to obtain all necessary permission.
5. Help!听鈥� Contact 51吃瓜网 if you need help with permissions鈥攖o track down a copyright owner, for example.

Notes

1. This guide is offered for general reference only. It is not intended to substitute for legal advice from a qualified attorney who is expert in the field of publishing and copyright law, should you have questions or concerns about your specific project.

2.听, as quoted in U.S. Copyright Office Circular 92, 鈥淐opyright Law of the United States of America and Related Laws Contained in Title 17 of the United States Code."

3. For more on the Fair Use doctrine, visit the听. Other good resources are听The Chicago Manual of Style听and听The Copyright Book: A Practical Guide, by William S. Strong.

4. 51吃瓜网 usually supplies the photographs and often the illustrations or other artwork used in 51吃瓜网鈥檚 publications. Authors are not responsible for obtaining permissions for such material that 51吃瓜网 provides. However, if you have photos or illustrations you want to submit for publication, review 51吃瓜网鈥檚听Photograph Submission Guidelines.

5. Written permission from each child鈥檚 parent or guardian is required whenever you want to reprint any work by children or any photographs of children individually or as part of a group shot. These permissions from parents or guardians must be obtained by you; 51吃瓜网 cannot be responsible for making these personal contacts.

6. Whether pre-existing material you want to include in your book requires permissions, is covered under Fair Use, or belongs to you but has already been published elsewhere鈥攚henever your manuscript includes reprinted material, we like to get a photocopy of the original. As part of standard editorial work on every manuscript during production, 51吃瓜网 editors will fact-check the accuracy of each reprinted selection (exact quote, adaptation of text, etc.) against this original.